Geography

Correct answer: B

I is correct: Troposphere → Most everyday weather occurs here. Its water vapour and vertical mixing support clouds and storms. II is incorrect: Temperature inversion → Temperature increases upward within a layer. It can suppress vertical mixing and trap pollutants.

Correct answer: D

I is incorrect: Mesosphere → Many meteors burn up here. Frictional heating ablates small meteoroids. II is incorrect: Convectional rainfall → Surface heating causes rising air. Warm moist air rises, cools and condenses.

Correct answer: C

Cooling air to this level permits condensation.

Correct answer: B

I is incorrect: Relative humidity → Vapour content relative to saturation at the same temperature. It can rise when air cools without adding water vapour. II is incorrect: La Nina → Unusual cooling in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific. It is the cool phase of ENSO.

Correct answer: D

Descending air warms and its relative humidity falls.

Correct answer: C

I is correct: El Nino → Unusual warming in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific. It can alter global atmospheric circulation. II is incorrect: Troposphere → Most everyday weather occurs here. Its water vapour and vertical mixing support clouds and storms.

Correct answer: A

I is incorrect: Stratosphere → Temperature generally rises with height. Ozone absorption of ultraviolet radiation causes warming. II is incorrect: Mesosphere → Many meteors burn up here. Frictional heating ablates small meteoroids.

Correct answer: D

Uplift cools the air and can produce rain on the windward slope.

Correct answer: B

I is correct: Sea breeze → Daytime surface flow from sea to land. Land normally heats faster than the sea during the day. II is incorrect: Isotherm → Line joining equal temperature. It connects places with the same temperature value.

Correct answer: B

I is incorrect: Temperature inversion → Temperature increases upward within a layer. It can suppress vertical mixing and trap pollutants. II is incorrect: El Nino → Unusual warming in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific. It can alter global atmospheric circulation.

Correct answer: A

Its water vapour and vertical mixing support clouds and storms.

Correct answer: C

I is correct: Stratosphere → Temperature generally rises with height. Ozone absorption of ultraviolet radiation causes warming. II is incorrect: Rain shadow → Dry leeward zone of a mountain barrier. Descending air warms and its relative humidity falls.

Correct answer: A

Warm moist air rises, cools and condenses.

Correct answer: C

I is correct: Relative humidity → Vapour content relative to saturation at the same temperature. It can rise when air cools without adding water vapour. II is incorrect: Land breeze → Night-time surface flow from land to sea. Land cools faster and can develop higher surface pressure.

Correct answer: D

I is incorrect: Stratosphere → Temperature generally rises with height. Ozone absorption of ultraviolet radiation causes warming. II is incorrect: Relative humidity → Vapour content relative to saturation at the same temperature. It can rise when air cools without adding water vapour.

Correct answer: C

Land normally heats faster than the sea during the day.

Correct answer: A

I is correct: Rain shadow → Dry leeward zone of a mountain barrier. Descending air warms and its relative humidity falls. II is incorrect: Convectional rainfall → Surface heating causes rising air. Warm moist air rises, cools and condenses.

Correct answer: D

It connects places with the same temperature value.

Correct answer: B

I is incorrect: Isotherm → Line joining equal temperature. It connects places with the same temperature value. II is incorrect: Troposphere → Most everyday weather occurs here. Its water vapour and vertical mixing support clouds and storms.

Correct answer: A

It can suppress vertical mixing and trap pollutants.

Correct answer: C

I is correct: Troposphere → Most everyday weather occurs here. Its water vapour and vertical mixing support clouds and storms. II is incorrect: Relative humidity → Vapour content relative to saturation at the same temperature. It can rise when air cools without adding water vapour.

Correct answer: D

Land cools faster and can develop higher surface pressure.

Correct answer: A

I is incorrect: Stratosphere → Temperature generally rises with height. Ozone absorption of ultraviolet radiation causes warming. II is incorrect: La Nina → Unusual cooling in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific. It is the cool phase of ENSO.

Correct answer: B

It can rise when air cools without adding water vapour.

Correct answer: A

I is correct: Convectional rainfall → Surface heating causes rising air. Warm moist air rises, cools and condenses. II is incorrect: Isobar → Line joining equal atmospheric pressure. Weather maps use isobars to show pressure patterns.