Ethics

The concept of "Dharma" in Indian philosophy broadly refers to?

A One's righteous duty, moral order, and ethical conduct appropriate to one's role and station
B Only religious rituals
C Only material wealth
D Only political power —

The concept of "Karma" in Indian philosophy refers to?

A The principle of cause and effect, where actions have consequences that shape future circumstances
B Random chance with no consequence
C Only physical labor
D Only financial transactions —

The Bhagavad Gita's teaching of "Nishkama Karma" emphasizes?

A Performing one's duty selflessly, without attachment to the fruits/results of action
B Acting only for personal reward
C Avoiding all action entirely
D Acting only when compelled by others —

In the Bhagavad Gita, Lord Krishna advises Arjuna to fulfill his duty as a warrior primarily based on the concept of?

A Svadharma (one's own duty according to one's nature and role)
B Personal ambition alone
C Avoidance of all conflict
D Blind obedience without reasoning —

The four goals of human life (Purusharthas) in Indian philosophy are?

A Dharma (duty), Artha (wealth), Kama (desire), and Moksha (liberation)
B Only wealth and pleasure
C Only liberation
D Only duty —

"Moksha," the ultimate goal in many Indian philosophical traditions, refers to?

A Liberation from the cycle of birth and death (samsara)
B Material wealth accumulation
C Political power
D Physical strength —

The Upanishads primarily deal with philosophical inquiries into?

A The nature of the self (Atman) and ultimate reality (Brahman)
B Only rituals and sacrifices
C Only political governance
D Only agricultural practices —

The concept of "Ahimsa" (non-violence), central to several Indian traditions, emphasizes?

A Avoiding harm to all living beings, in thought, word, and deed
B Justifying violence for personal gain
C Aggression as a virtue
D Indifference to suffering —

Which Indian philosophical school emphasizes strict logical analysis and epistemology?

A Nyaya
B Charvaka
C Only Vedanta
D Only Samkhya —

The Charvaka school of Indian philosophy is generally characterized by its?

A Materialistic and skeptical approach, rejecting the afterlife and focusing on immediate pleasure
B Strict asceticism
C Strong belief in an afterlife
D Emphasis on rituals above all —

The Samkhya school proposes a dualism between which two fundamental principles?

A Purusha (consciousness) and Prakriti (matter/nature)
B Only matter
C Only consciousness
D Only rituals —

Which Indian ethical concept emphasizes hospitality, encapsulated in the phrase "Atithi Devo Bhava"?

A The guest is akin to God
B Guests should be avoided
C Guests are a burden
D Guests should be ignored —

"Satya" (truth), paired with "Ahimsa" as core values, is especially emphasized by which modern figure?

A Mahatma Gandhi
B Jeremy Bentham
C Immanuel Kant
D Aristotle —

The Vedic concept of "Rita" refers to?

A The natural cosmic order/moral law governing the universe
B Only personal desire
C Only political power
D Only wealth —

Which Indian philosophical text is structured as a dialogue between Prince Arjuna and Lord Krishna on the battlefield, addressing profound ethical dilemmas?

A The Bhagavad Gita
B The Arthashastra
C The Manusmriti
D The Rigveda —

The concept of "Sthitaprajna" in the Bhagavad Gita refers to a person of?

A Steady, equanimous wisdom, undisturbed by pleasure or pain
B Extreme emotional volatility
C Constant anxiety
D Indifference to all values —

Kautilya's "Arthashastra" is primarily a treatise on?

A Statecraft, economic policy, and political ethics/governance
B Only religious rituals
C Only poetry
D Only mathematics —

The concept of "Lokasangraha" in the Bhagavad Gita refers to?

A Working for the welfare and cohesion of society/the world
B Working only for personal benefit
C Isolating oneself from society
D Ignoring social responsibilities —

In Indian ethical thought, "Aparigraha" (also emphasized in Jainism) refers to?

A Non-possessiveness or non-attachment to material possessions
B Excessive accumulation of wealth
C Greed
D Hoarding resources —

The concept of "Seva" in Indian ethical/religious traditions emphasizes?

A Selfless service to others, often without expectation of reward
B Service only for personal gain
C Avoiding service to others
D Service only to family members —

Which Indian philosophical school is associated with the analysis of the self and liberation through knowledge, notably Adi Shankaracharya's Advaita (non-dualism)?

A Vedanta
B Charvaka
C Nyaya
D Vaisheshika —

"Anasakti" (detachment), as taught in the Bhagavad Gita, refers to?

A Performing actions without selfish attachment to results, while still fully engaging in duty
B Complete withdrawal from all action
C Indifference to duty
D Excessive attachment to outcomes —

"Sarva Dharma Sama Bhava," often invoked in Indian public ethics, means?

A Equal respect for all religions
B Superiority of one religion over others
C Rejection of all religions
D Mandatory conversion to one faith —

The concept of "Trusteeship," advocated by Gandhi and rooted partly in Indian ethical thought, suggests that the wealthy should regard their wealth as?

A Held in trust for the benefit of society, not for exclusive personal use
B Exclusively their own with no social responsibility
C To be hoarded without limit
D Irrelevant to ethics —

The Indian concept of "Yajna" (sacrifice), interpreted ethically in texts like the Bhagavad Gita, symbolizes?

A Selfless action performed for the larger good, akin to a sacred duty
B Only literal ritual fire offerings with no ethical dimension
C Personal gain through sacrifice of others
D Avoidance of all responsibility —