Geography

Correct answer: A

I is correct: Equal day and night near an equinox → The Sun is over the equator. Both hemispheres receive roughly equal daylight. II is incorrect: Closely spaced contour lines → A steep slope. A large height change occurs over a short horizontal distance.

Correct answer: B

I is incorrect: Earth's axial tilt and revolution → The main cause of seasons. Seasonality is not chiefly caused by changing Earth-Sun distance. II is incorrect: A map scale of 1:50,000 → One centimetre represents 500 metres. 50,000 centimetres equals 500 metres.

Correct answer: C

I is correct: An eastward change of 15 degrees longitude → One hour later in local solar time. Earth rotates through 360 degrees in about 24 hours. II is incorrect: Widely spaced contour lines → A gentle slope. The same contour interval is spread over a greater distance.

Correct answer: B

The apparent daily motion is opposite to Earth's rotation.

Correct answer: A

I is correct: A map scale of 1:50,000 → One centimetre represents 500 metres. 50,000 centimetres equals 500 metres. II is incorrect: Widely spaced contour lines → A gentle slope. The same contour interval is spread over a greater distance.

Correct answer: B

I is incorrect: Widely spaced contour lines → A gentle slope. The same contour interval is spread over a greater distance. II is incorrect: Earth's axial tilt and revolution → The main cause of seasons. Seasonality is not chiefly caused by changing Earth-Sun distance.

Correct answer: C

50,000 centimetres equals 500 metres.

Correct answer: B

I is correct: Closely spaced contour lines → A steep slope. A large height change occurs over a short horizontal distance. II is incorrect: Earth's rotation from west to east → The Sun appears to move east to west. The apparent daily motion is opposite to Earth's rotation.

Correct answer: A

I is incorrect: Earth's rotation from west to east → The Sun appears to move east to west. The apparent daily motion is opposite to Earth's rotation. II is incorrect: An eastward change of 15 degrees longitude → One hour later in local solar time. Earth rotates through 360 degrees in about 24 hours.

Correct answer: D

The canal provides a sea route between Europe and the Indian Ocean.

Correct answer: C

Water, wind and ice can erode and transport material.

Correct answer: D

Seasonal land-sea heating differences contribute to the reversal.

Correct answer: B

A seismograph records ground motion caused by seismic waves.

Correct answer: C

The Prime Meridian is assigned zero degrees longitude.

Correct answer: A

The mantle extends between the crust and the core.

Correct answer: D

Cooling molten material produces igneous rock.

Correct answer: C

The Sahara extends across much of northern Africa.

Correct answer: D

Their gravitational effects produce periodic changes in sea level.

Correct answer: C

Cold currents carry cooler water towards warmer regions.

Correct answer: B

The Equator is at zero degrees latitude.

Correct answer: D

Rising air cools and condenses on the windward slope.

Correct answer: C

Most atmospheric water vapour and weather occur in this layer.

Correct answer: B

Metamorphism changes minerals and texture without full melting.

Correct answer: C

The strait separates southern Spain from northern Africa.

Correct answer: A

Much moisture has already condensed on the windward side.