For Non-native species causing ecological or economic harm, identify the type of relationship.
Correct answer: B
Not every non-native species becomes invasive.
Environment
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Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Species whose habitat protection also shelters many others — the type of relationship: Umbrella species. II. One organism captures and consumes another — the type of relationship: Amensalism.
Correct answer: A
I is correct: Species whose habitat protection also shelters many others → Umbrella species. Large or diverse habitat needs can encompass other species. II is incorrect: One organism captures and consumes another → Predation. The predator obtains energy by consuming prey.
For One partner benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed, identify the type of relationship.
Correct answer: C
The second species has approximately neutral effects in the simplified model.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Species with a disproportionately large effect on community structure — the type of relationship: Keystone species. II. Species used to infer environmental conditions — the type of relationship: Invasive alien species.
Correct answer: A
I is correct: Species with a disproportionately large effect on community structure → Keystone species. Its influence exceeds what abundance alone would predict. II is incorrect: Species used to infer environmental conditions → Indicator species. Its presence or condition can reveal habitat quality.
For Both partners benefit in a persistent biological association, identify the type of relationship.
Correct answer: C
Both species obtain a net benefit.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. One organism captures and consumes another — the type of relationship: Predation. II. Fungus exchanging nutrients with plant roots — the type of relationship: Mycorrhizal mutualism.
Correct answer: B
I is correct: One organism captures and consumes another → Predation. The predator obtains energy by consuming prey. II is correct: Fungus exchanging nutrients with plant roots → Mycorrhizal mutualism. Fungi can improve nutrient uptake in return for plant carbon.
For Species whose habitat protection also shelters many others, identify the type of relationship.
Correct answer: A
Large or diverse habitat needs can encompass other species.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Species chosen to represent a conservation campaign — the type of relationship: Flagship species. II. Grazing animal feeding on plants — the type of relationship: Herbivory.
Correct answer: C
I is correct: Species chosen to represent a conservation campaign → Flagship species. Public appeal can support broader conservation action. II is correct: Grazing animal feeding on plants → Herbivory. Plant tissue is consumed by an animal.
For One organism feeds on and harms a living host, identify the type of relationship.
Correct answer: B
The parasite benefits at the host's expense.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Species restricted naturally to a particular area — the type of relationship: Endemic species. II. One partner benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed — the type of relationship: Parasitism.
Correct answer: A
I is correct: Species restricted naturally to a particular area → Endemic species. Restricted distribution makes the location central to its identity. II is incorrect: One partner benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed → Commensalism. The second species has approximately neutral effects in the simplified model.
For Species with a disproportionately large effect on community structure, identify the type of relationship.
Correct answer: B
Its influence exceeds what abundance alone would predict.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. One organism inhibits another without a clear benefit to itself — the type of relationship: Mycorrhizal mutualism. II. Species used to infer environmental conditions — the type of relationship: Indicator species.
Correct answer: D
I is incorrect: One organism inhibits another without a clear benefit to itself → Amensalism. One is harmed and the other is approximately unaffected. II is correct: Species used to infer environmental conditions → Indicator species. Its presence or condition can reveal habitat quality.
For Two species use a resource that is insufficient for both, identify the type of relationship.
Correct answer: C
Each can reduce the resource available to the other.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Species whose habitat protection also shelters many others — the type of relationship: Umbrella species. II. Species chosen to represent a conservation campaign — the type of relationship: Flagship species.
Correct answer: B
I is correct: Species whose habitat protection also shelters many others → Umbrella species. Large or diverse habitat needs can encompass other species. II is correct: Species chosen to represent a conservation campaign → Flagship species. Public appeal can support broader conservation action.
For One organism captures and consumes another, identify the type of relationship.
Correct answer: D
The predator obtains energy by consuming prey.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Species restricted naturally to a particular area — the type of relationship: Commensalism. II. One organism feeds on and harms a living host — the type of relationship: Parasitism.
Correct answer: C
I is incorrect: Species restricted naturally to a particular area → Endemic species. Restricted distribution makes the location central to its identity. II is correct: One organism feeds on and harms a living host → Parasitism. The parasite benefits at the host's expense.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Species used to infer environmental conditions — the type of relationship: Indicator species. II. Species whose habitat protection also shelters many others — the type of relationship: Umbrella species.
Correct answer: B
I is correct: Species used to infer environmental conditions → Indicator species. Its presence or condition can reveal habitat quality. II is correct: Species whose habitat protection also shelters many others → Umbrella species. Large or diverse habitat needs can encompass other species.
For Species no longer existing anywhere, identify the type of relationship.
Correct answer: D
This differs from disappearance from only one region.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Species whose habitat protection also shelters many others — the type of relationship: Umbrella species. II. One partner benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed — the type of relationship: Commensalism.
Correct answer: A
I is correct: Species whose habitat protection also shelters many others → Umbrella species. Large or diverse habitat needs can encompass other species. II is correct: One partner benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed → Commensalism. The second species has approximately neutral effects in the simplified model.
For Species chosen to represent a conservation campaign, identify the type of relationship.
Correct answer: D
Public appeal can support broader conservation action.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Species no longer existing anywhere — the type of relationship: Extinct species. II. One organism captures and consumes another — the type of relationship: Mycorrhizal mutualism.
Correct answer: C
I is correct: Species no longer existing anywhere → Extinct species. This differs from disappearance from only one region. II is incorrect: One organism captures and consumes another → Predation. The predator obtains energy by consuming prey.
For Species used to infer environmental conditions, identify the type of relationship.
Correct answer: A
Its presence or condition can reveal habitat quality.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Species chosen to represent a conservation campaign — the type of relationship: Endemic species. II. Species no longer existing anywhere — the type of relationship: Commensalism.
Correct answer: C
I is incorrect: Species chosen to represent a conservation campaign → Flagship species. Public appeal can support broader conservation action. II is incorrect: Species no longer existing anywhere → Extinct species. This differs from disappearance from only one region.
For Species restricted naturally to a particular area, identify the type of relationship.
Correct answer: B
Restricted distribution makes the location central to its identity.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. One organism feeds on and harms a living host — the type of relationship: Competition. II. Species used to infer environmental conditions — the type of relationship: Indicator species.
Correct answer: D
I is incorrect: One organism feeds on and harms a living host → Parasitism. The parasite benefits at the host's expense. II is correct: Species used to infer environmental conditions → Indicator species. Its presence or condition can reveal habitat quality.