Environment

Correct answer: D

I is correct: Energy conservation → Reducing unnecessary energy use. Switching off unused equipment is an example. II is incorrect: Albedo → Fraction of incoming radiation reflected by a surface. Ice usually has a higher albedo than dark soil.

Correct answer: C

It differs from a solar thermal collector.

Correct answer: B

I is incorrect: Circular economy → Keeping products and materials in use and reducing waste. Repair, reuse and recycling support circularity. II is correct: Urban heat island → Urban areas being warmer than nearby rural surroundings. Built surfaces and reduced evapotranspiration contribute.

Correct answer: D

It can include extraction, manufacture, use and disposal.

Correct answer: B

I is correct: Solar thermal collector → Capture of solar energy as heat. It can heat water without generating electricity directly. II is correct: Climate adaptation → Adjustment to actual or expected climate impacts. It reduces vulnerability to effects already occurring or anticipated.

Correct answer: A

Different gases are commonly expressed in carbon-dioxide-equivalent terms.

Correct answer: D

I is correct: Energy efficiency → Obtaining the same useful service with less energy. Efficient equipment reduces input for a given output. II is incorrect: Renewable energy → Energy from sources replenished on human timescales. Sunlight and wind are familiar examples.

Correct answer: A

I is correct: Climate mitigation → Action to reduce net greenhouse gas emissions. It addresses drivers of climate change. II is correct: Greenhouse effect → Warming through absorption and re-emission of infrared radiation. It occurs naturally and is enhanced by added greenhouse gases.

Correct answer: D

Repair, reuse and recycling support circularity.

Correct answer: B

I is incorrect: Biogas → Fuel gas produced by anaerobic digestion of organic matter. Methane is its principal combustible component. II is incorrect: Energy conservation → Reducing unnecessary energy use. Switching off unused equipment is an example.

Correct answer: D

Built surfaces and reduced evapotranspiration contribute.

Correct answer: B

I is correct: Ocean acidification → Declining seawater pH as more carbon dioxide dissolves. Carbonic acid chemistry changes carbonate availability. II is incorrect: Climate adaptation → Adjustment to actual or expected climate impacts. It reduces vulnerability to effects already occurring or anticipated.

Correct answer: D

I is incorrect: Albedo → Fraction of incoming radiation reflected by a surface. Ice usually has a higher albedo than dark soil. II is incorrect: Renewable energy → Energy from sources replenished on human timescales. Sunlight and wind are familiar examples.

Correct answer: A

It addresses drivers of climate change.

Correct answer: C

I is incorrect: Life-cycle assessment → Evaluation of impacts across a product's life stages. It can include extraction, manufacture, use and disposal. II is correct: Carbon footprint → Greenhouse gas emissions attributable to an activity or entity. Different gases are commonly expressed in carbon-dioxide-equivalent terms.

Correct answer: D

It can heat water without generating electricity directly.

Correct answer: A

I is correct: Energy conservation → Reducing unnecessary energy use. Switching off unused equipment is an example. II is correct: Ocean acidification → Declining seawater pH as more carbon dioxide dissolves. Carbonic acid chemistry changes carbonate availability.

Correct answer: D

It occurs naturally and is enhanced by added greenhouse gases.

Correct answer: A

I is correct: Climate adaptation → Adjustment to actual or expected climate impacts. It reduces vulnerability to effects already occurring or anticipated. II is correct: Urban heat island → Urban areas being warmer than nearby rural surroundings. Built surfaces and reduced evapotranspiration contribute.

Correct answer: C

Sunlight and wind are familiar examples.

Correct answer: D

I is correct: Climate mitigation → Action to reduce net greenhouse gas emissions. It addresses drivers of climate change. II is incorrect: Ocean acidification → Declining seawater pH as more carbon dioxide dissolves. Carbonic acid chemistry changes carbonate availability.

Correct answer: C

Ice usually has a higher albedo than dark soil.

Correct answer: D

I is incorrect: Urban heat island → Urban areas being warmer than nearby rural surroundings. Built surfaces and reduced evapotranspiration contribute. II is incorrect: Solar thermal collector → Capture of solar energy as heat. It can heat water without generating electricity directly.

Correct answer: A

Methane is its principal combustible component.

Correct answer: D

I is incorrect: Climate mitigation → Action to reduce net greenhouse gas emissions. It addresses drivers of climate change. II is incorrect: Energy conservation → Reducing unnecessary energy use. Switching off unused equipment is an example.