Polity

Correct answer: A

The grounds are war, external aggression or armed rebellion.

Correct answer: C

I is incorrect: Voting age reduction to eighteen → Sixty-first Amendment. It amended Article 326. II is incorrect: Court of record → Its records have evidentiary authority and it can punish contempt. The Supreme Court and High Courts have this status.

Correct answer: A

It is a supervisory judicial remedy.

Correct answer: C

I is incorrect: Federal provisions specified in Article 368 → Require ratification by at least half the states. This is additional to the required parliamentary majority. II is incorrect: Mandamus → Commands performance of a public duty. It addresses a failure to perform a legally required duty.

Correct answer: B

I is correct: Right to property after the Forty-fourth Amendment → A constitutional right under Article 300A. It is no longer a Fundamental Right. II is correct: Quo warranto → Questions legal entitlement to a public office. It tests whether the officeholder lawfully holds the office.

Correct answer: A

It prevents continuation of proceedings beyond authority.

Correct answer: C

I is correct: Financial Emergency → Article 360. It concerns a threat to financial stability or credit. II is incorrect: Federal provisions specified in Article 368 → Require ratification by at least half the states. This is additional to the required parliamentary majority.

Correct answer: D

The Supreme Court and High Courts have this status.

Correct answer: C

I is correct: Quo warranto → Questions legal entitlement to a public office. It tests whether the officeholder lawfully holds the office. II is incorrect: Public interest litigation → Relaxed standing in appropriate public-interest cases. It can allow representation of persons unable to approach courts themselves.

Correct answer: C

I is incorrect: Habeas corpus → Requires justification of a person's detention. The writ protects against unlawful detention. II is incorrect: Federal provisions specified in Article 368 → Require ratification by at least half the states. This is additional to the required parliamentary majority.

Correct answer: B

I is incorrect: District Planning Committee → Consolidates panchayat and municipal plans. It prepares a draft development plan for the district. II is correct: Metropolitan Planning Committee → Prepares a draft metropolitan development plan. It is provided for in Part IXA.

Correct answer: D

Article 164 makes the council answerable to the lower state House.

Correct answer: A

I is correct: Municipal Corporation → Local body for a larger urban area. Part IXA recognises this category. II is incorrect: Minimum age for Legislative Assembly membership → Twenty-five years. The Constitution sets this lower age threshold.

Correct answer: D

The term runs from the date appointed for its first meeting.

Correct answer: B

I is incorrect: Chief Minister's appointment → By the Governor. The appointee must command legislative confidence. II is correct: Twelfth Schedule → Municipality-related subjects. It lists eighteen matters.

Correct answer: A

It is provided for in Part IXA.

Correct answer: C

I is correct: State Council of Ministers' collective responsibility → To the Legislative Assembly. Article 164 makes the council answerable to the lower state House. II is incorrect: State Election Commission → Supervises local-body elections. Panchayat and municipality elections fall within its constitutional role.

Correct answer: B

Citizenship of India is also required.

Correct answer: D

I is incorrect: Nagar Panchayat → Local body for a transitional area. It serves an area moving from rural to urban character. II is incorrect: Municipal Corporation → Local body for a larger urban area. Part IXA recognises this category.

Correct answer: A

Article 233 governs the constitutional process.

Correct answer: D

I is incorrect: Eleventh Schedule → Panchayat-related subjects. It lists twenty-nine matters. II is correct: State Advocate General → Constitutional legal adviser to the state. The Governor appoints a person qualified to be a High Court judge.

Correct answer: B

The threshold differs from that for the Assembly.

Correct answer: C

I is correct: Metropolitan Planning Committee → Prepares a draft metropolitan development plan. It is provided for in Part IXA. II is correct: Panchayat ordinary term → Five years. The term runs from the date appointed for its first meeting.

Correct answer: A

Panchayat and municipality elections fall within its constitutional role.

Correct answer: B

I is incorrect: District Planning Committee → Consolidates panchayat and municipal plans. It prepares a draft development plan for the district. II is correct: District judge's appointment → Governor in consultation with the High Court. Article 233 governs the constitutional process.