For Lysosome, identify the principal function or feature.
Correct answer: D
Its enzymes break down cellular materials.
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Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Phloem — the principal function or feature: Increase surface area for absorption. II. Adrenaline — the principal function or feature: Hormone supporting a rapid stress response.
Correct answer: B
I is incorrect: Phloem → Transport of sugars and other organic solutes. It carries products of photosynthesis between plant organs. II is correct: Adrenaline → Hormone supporting a rapid stress response. It can increase heart rate and mobilise stored energy.
For Ribosome, identify the principal function or feature.
Correct answer: C
Ribosomes translate messenger RNA into polypeptides.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Double fertilisation in flowering plants — the principal function or feature: Protein synthesis. II. Haemoglobin — the principal function or feature: Oxygen transport in red blood cells.
Correct answer: A
I is incorrect: Double fertilisation in flowering plants → Formation of zygote and endosperm through two fusion events. One sperm fuses with the egg and another with the central cell nuclei. II is correct: Haemoglobin → Oxygen transport in red blood cells. The iron-containing protein binds oxygen reversibly.
For Alveoli, identify the principal function or feature.
Correct answer: C
Their thin walls and large total area facilitate diffusion.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Insulin — the principal function or feature: Hormone that lowers blood glucose. II. Synapse — the principal function or feature: Junction for communication between neurons or with an effector.
Correct answer: D
I is correct: Insulin → Hormone that lowers blood glucose. It promotes cellular uptake and storage of glucose. II is correct: Synapse → Junction for communication between neurons or with an effector. Signals commonly pass using neurotransmitters.
For Adrenaline, identify the principal function or feature.
Correct answer: B
It can increase heart rate and mobilise stored energy.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Platelets — the principal function or feature: Blood clotting support. II. Phloem — the principal function or feature: Transport of sugars and other organic solutes.
Correct answer: D
I is correct: Platelets → Blood clotting support. They help form a plug and participate in clotting processes. II is correct: Phloem → Transport of sugars and other organic solutes. It carries products of photosynthesis between plant organs.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Stomata — the principal function or feature: Increase surface area for absorption. II. Ribosome — the principal function or feature: Protein synthesis.
Correct answer: A
I is incorrect: Stomata → Gas exchange and regulation of water loss. Guard cells control the pore opening. II is correct: Ribosome → Protein synthesis. Ribosomes translate messenger RNA into polypeptides.
For Vaccine, identify the principal function or feature.
Correct answer: C
It prepares immune responses without requiring the full natural disease.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Adrenaline — the principal function or feature: Hormone supporting a rapid stress response. II. Haemoglobin — the principal function or feature: Hormone that lowers blood glucose.
Correct answer: A
I is correct: Adrenaline → Hormone supporting a rapid stress response. It can increase heart rate and mobilise stored energy. II is incorrect: Haemoglobin → Oxygen transport in red blood cells. The iron-containing protein binds oxygen reversibly.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Adrenaline — the principal function or feature: Junction for communication between neurons or with an effector. II. Ribosome — the principal function or feature: Modification and packaging of cellular products.
Correct answer: C
I is incorrect: Adrenaline → Hormone supporting a rapid stress response. It can increase heart rate and mobilise stored energy. II is incorrect: Ribosome → Protein synthesis. Ribosomes translate messenger RNA into polypeptides.
For Pollination, identify the principal function or feature.
Correct answer: A
It precedes fertilisation in flowering plants.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Platelets — the principal function or feature: Blood clotting support. II. Haemoglobin — the principal function or feature: Oxygen transport in red blood cells.
Correct answer: B
I is correct: Platelets → Blood clotting support. They help form a plug and participate in clotting processes. II is correct: Haemoglobin → Oxygen transport in red blood cells. The iron-containing protein binds oxygen reversibly.
For Stomata, identify the principal function or feature.
Correct answer: C
Guard cells control the pore opening.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Platelets — the principal function or feature: Blood clotting support. II. Vaccine — the principal function or feature: Transfer of pollen to a receptive stigma.
Correct answer: A
I is correct: Platelets → Blood clotting support. They help form a plug and participate in clotting processes. II is incorrect: Vaccine → Preparation that induces immune memory. It prepares immune responses without requiring the full natural disease.
For Phloem, identify the principal function or feature.
Correct answer: A
It carries products of photosynthesis between plant organs.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Alveoli — the principal function or feature: Blood clotting support. II. Lysosome — the principal function or feature: Intracellular digestion.
Correct answer: D
I is incorrect: Alveoli → Gas exchange in lungs. Their thin walls and large total area facilitate diffusion. II is correct: Lysosome → Intracellular digestion. Its enzymes break down cellular materials.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Platelets — the principal function or feature: Blood clotting support. II. Alveoli — the principal function or feature: Hormone that lowers blood glucose.
Correct answer: D
I is correct: Platelets → Blood clotting support. They help form a plug and participate in clotting processes. II is incorrect: Alveoli → Gas exchange in lungs. Their thin walls and large total area facilitate diffusion.
Which molecule stores hereditary information in most organisms?
Correct answer: C
Its nucleotide sequence encodes genetic information.
Which plant tissue transports water and minerals from roots?
Correct answer: A
Xylem carries water through the plant.
Which cell structure controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell?
Correct answer: C
The membrane acts as a selectively permeable boundary.
Which part of the human brain is especially important for balance and coordination?
Correct answer: A
It helps coordinate movement and posture.
Which blood components help form clots?
Correct answer: D
Platelets participate in the clotting response.
Which pigment primarily absorbs light for photosynthesis in green leaves?
Correct answer: A
Chlorophyll absorbs light energy used in photosynthesis.