For A refrigerator transferring heat from its cold interior, identify the physical principle illustrated.
Correct answer: D
External work allows heat to move from colder to warmer surroundings.
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Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. A transformer changing alternating voltage — the physical principle illustrated: Electromagnetic induction. II. An ambulance siren changing pitch as it passes — the physical principle illustrated: Doppler effect.
Correct answer: A
I is correct: A transformer changing alternating voltage → Electromagnetic induction. Changing magnetic flux induces an emf in another coil. II is correct: An ambulance siren changing pitch as it passes → Doppler effect. Relative motion changes the frequency heard by the observer.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. A hydraulic lift multiplying force — the physical principle illustrated: Pascal's law. II. A black surface warming strongly in sunlight — the physical principle illustrated: Pascal's law.
Correct answer: D
I is correct: A hydraulic lift multiplying force → Pascal's law. Pressure applied to confined fluid is transmitted throughout it. II is incorrect: A black surface warming strongly in sunlight → Greater absorption of radiation. Dark matte surfaces are generally effective absorbers.
For A ship floating despite being made of steel, identify the physical principle illustrated.
Correct answer: A
Displaced water can provide an upthrust equal to the ship's weight.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. An optical fibre guiding light — the physical principle illustrated: Work-driven heat transfer. II. A rocket accelerating by ejecting gas — the physical principle illustrated: Buoyancy.
Correct answer: D
I is incorrect: An optical fibre guiding light → Total internal reflection. Light can be confined within a higher-index core. II is incorrect: A rocket accelerating by ejecting gas → Conservation of momentum. Gas and rocket gain oppositely directed momentum.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. A transformer changing alternating voltage — the physical principle illustrated: Electromagnetic induction. II. A fuse melting under excess current — the physical principle illustrated: Evaporative cooling.
Correct answer: A
I is correct: A transformer changing alternating voltage → Electromagnetic induction. Changing magnetic flux induces an emf in another coil. II is incorrect: A fuse melting under excess current → Heating effect of current. Joule heating raises the fuse element's temperature.
For A mirage above hot ground, identify the physical principle illustrated.
Correct answer: B
A temperature gradient changes air's refractive index.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. A spoon appearing bent in water — the physical principle illustrated: Refraction. II. An ambulance siren changing pitch as it passes — the physical principle illustrated: Refraction.
Correct answer: C
I is correct: A spoon appearing bent in water → Refraction. Light changes direction between media of different optical density. II is incorrect: An ambulance siren changing pitch as it passes → Doppler effect. Relative motion changes the frequency heard by the observer.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. A passenger lurching forward when a bus stops — the physical principle illustrated: Inertia. II. A hydraulic lift multiplying force — the physical principle illustrated: Pascal's law.
Correct answer: B
I is correct: A passenger lurching forward when a bus stops → Inertia. The body tends to retain its previous state of motion. II is correct: A hydraulic lift multiplying force → Pascal's law. Pressure applied to confined fluid is transmitted throughout it.
For An optical fibre guiding light, identify the physical principle illustrated.
Correct answer: D
Light can be confined within a higher-index core.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. A refrigerator transferring heat from its cold interior — the physical principle illustrated: Work-driven heat transfer. II. A ship floating despite being made of steel — the physical principle illustrated: Buoyancy.
Correct answer: B
I is correct: A refrigerator transferring heat from its cold interior → Work-driven heat transfer. External work allows heat to move from colder to warmer surroundings. II is correct: A ship floating despite being made of steel → Buoyancy. Displaced water can provide an upthrust equal to the ship's weight.
For A rocket accelerating by ejecting gas, identify the physical principle illustrated.
Correct answer: A
Gas and rocket gain oppositely directed momentum.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. A transformer changing alternating voltage — the physical principle illustrated: Electromagnetic induction. II. A black surface warming strongly in sunlight — the physical principle illustrated: Conservation of momentum.
Correct answer: D
I is correct: A transformer changing alternating voltage → Electromagnetic induction. Changing magnetic flux induces an emf in another coil. II is incorrect: A black surface warming strongly in sunlight → Greater absorption of radiation. Dark matte surfaces are generally effective absorbers.
For A hydraulic lift multiplying force, identify the physical principle illustrated.
Correct answer: B
Pressure applied to confined fluid is transmitted throughout it.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. An optical fibre guiding light — the physical principle illustrated: Work-driven heat transfer. II. A fuse melting under excess current — the physical principle illustrated: Heating effect of current.
Correct answer: A
I is incorrect: An optical fibre guiding light → Total internal reflection. Light can be confined within a higher-index core. II is correct: A fuse melting under excess current → Heating effect of current. Joule heating raises the fuse element's temperature.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. A sound becoming higher pitched — the physical principle illustrated: Doppler effect. II. Water cooling an earthen pot — the physical principle illustrated: Conservation of momentum.
Correct answer: B
I is incorrect: A sound becoming higher pitched → Increase in frequency. Pitch depends mainly on vibration frequency. II is incorrect: Water cooling an earthen pot → Evaporative cooling. Escaping water molecules carry away energy.
For A transformer changing alternating voltage, identify the physical principle illustrated.
Correct answer: B
Changing magnetic flux induces an emf in another coil.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. A ship floating despite being made of steel — the physical principle illustrated: Buoyancy. II. An optical fibre guiding light — the physical principle illustrated: Total internal reflection.
Correct answer: D
I is correct: A ship floating despite being made of steel → Buoyancy. Displaced water can provide an upthrust equal to the ship's weight. II is correct: An optical fibre guiding light → Total internal reflection. Light can be confined within a higher-index core.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. A hydraulic lift multiplying force — the physical principle illustrated: Buoyancy. II. A spoon appearing bent in water — the physical principle illustrated: Refraction.
Correct answer: B
I is incorrect: A hydraulic lift multiplying force → Pascal's law. Pressure applied to confined fluid is transmitted throughout it. II is correct: A spoon appearing bent in water → Refraction. Light changes direction between media of different optical density.
For A sound becoming higher pitched, identify the physical principle illustrated.
Correct answer: C
Pitch depends mainly on vibration frequency.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Water cooling an earthen pot — the physical principle illustrated: Evaporative cooling. II. An ambulance siren changing pitch as it passes — the physical principle illustrated: Refraction.
Correct answer: A
I is correct: Water cooling an earthen pot → Evaporative cooling. Escaping water molecules carry away energy. II is incorrect: An ambulance siren changing pitch as it passes → Doppler effect. Relative motion changes the frequency heard by the observer.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. An optical fibre guiding light — the physical principle illustrated: Heating effect of current. II. A sound becoming higher pitched — the physical principle illustrated: Doppler effect.
Correct answer: B
I is incorrect: An optical fibre guiding light → Total internal reflection. Light can be confined within a higher-index core. II is incorrect: A sound becoming higher pitched → Increase in frequency. Pitch depends mainly on vibration frequency.
For Water cooling an earthen pot, identify the physical principle illustrated.
Correct answer: A
Escaping water molecules carry away energy.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. A ship floating despite being made of steel — the physical principle illustrated: Doppler effect. II. Water cooling an earthen pot — the physical principle illustrated: Evaporative cooling.
Correct answer: C
I is incorrect: A ship floating despite being made of steel → Buoyancy. Displaced water can provide an upthrust equal to the ship's weight. II is correct: Water cooling an earthen pot → Evaporative cooling. Escaping water molecules carry away energy.
Evaluate the two proposed answers. Which are supported? I. Water cooling an earthen pot — the physical principle illustrated: Evaporative cooling. II. A hydraulic lift multiplying force — the physical principle illustrated: Pascal's law.
Correct answer: B
I is correct: Water cooling an earthen pot → Evaporative cooling. Escaping water molecules carry away energy. II is correct: A hydraulic lift multiplying force → Pascal's law. Pressure applied to confined fluid is transmitted throughout it.