Which type of database processing is optimized for handling a large number of short, real-time transactions, like ATM withdrawals?
Correct answer: D
OLTP systems are optimized for fast, real-time processing of numerous short transactions.
Computer
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Which type of database processing is optimized for complex analytical queries and reporting over large historical datasets?
Correct answer: C
OLAP systems are designed for complex analytical queries and reporting across large volumes of historical data.
Which large, centralized repository is specifically designed to store integrated historical data for analysis and business intelligence reporting?
Correct answer: C
A data warehouse is a centralized repository that stores integrated historical data for analysis and reporting purposes.
Which storage repository holds vast amounts of raw data in its native format, structured or unstructured, until it's needed for analysis?
Correct answer: A
A data lake stores raw data in its native format, allowing flexible use across structured and unstructured data types.
Which process extracts data from various sources, transforms it into a consistent format, and loads it into a target system like a data warehouse?
Correct answer: D
ETL describes the process of extracting, transforming, and loading data from source systems into a target system.
Which process involves analyzing large datasets to discover patterns, correlations, and useful insights?
Correct answer: C
Data mining is the process of analyzing large datasets to uncover meaningful patterns and insights.
Which type of computer memory is directly accessible by the CPU and loses its contents when power is turned off?
Correct answer: D
Primary memory (RAM) is directly accessible by the CPU but is volatile, losing its data when power is lost.
Which type of computer storage retains data permanently, even when the power is turned off, such as a hard drive?
Correct answer: B
Secondary storage is non-volatile, retaining data permanently even without power, unlike RAM.
Which traditional storage device stores data magnetically on spinning circular platters?
Correct answer: C
A Hard Disk Drive (HDD) stores data magnetically on rotating platters.
Which modern storage device uses flash memory chips with no moving parts, offering faster speeds than traditional hard drives?
Correct answer: C
A Solid State Drive (SSD) uses flash memory with no moving parts, offering faster performance than an HDD.
Which portable storage device uses flash memory and connects via USB, commonly used to transfer files between computers?
Correct answer: B
A USB flash drive (pen drive) is a small, portable flash-memory storage device connecting via USB.
Which storage medium uses a laser to read and write data on a reflective disc, such as a CD, DVD, or Blu-ray disc?
Correct answer: D
Optical storage uses a laser to read and write data on discs like CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs.
Which older sequential storage medium, using a long magnetic strip, is still sometimes used for large-scale data backup archiving?
Correct answer: D
Magnetic tape is a sequential storage medium still used for large-scale, long-term data backup and archiving.
Which small, portable flash storage format is commonly used in cameras, smartphones, and other portable devices for expandable storage?
Correct answer: D
Memory cards (like SD or microSD cards) provide small, portable, expandable flash storage for many devices.
Which storage technology combines multiple physical drives into a single logical unit for improved performance or redundancy?
Correct answer: C
RAID combines multiple physical disks into a logical unit to improve performance, redundancy, or both.
Which very small, extremely fast type of memory is built directly into the CPU to temporarily store frequently accessed data?
Correct answer: B
Cache memory is a small, very fast memory located close to (or within) the CPU, storing frequently accessed data.
Which type of computer memory permanently stores essential startup instructions and generally cannot be modified during normal operation?
Correct answer: B
ROM stores essential startup instructions permanently and is generally not modifiable during normal use.
Which extremely small and fast storage location, located directly within the CPU, temporarily holds data currently being processed?
Correct answer: A
A register is a very small, extremely fast storage location within the CPU holding data actively being processed.
Which technique allows a computer to use hard disk space as an extension of RAM when physical memory is insufficient?
Correct answer: B
Virtual memory uses hard disk space to extend available RAM when physical memory is insufficient.
Which simple, universally readable file format stores plain, unformatted text without any styling?
Correct answer: A
A .txt file stores plain, unformatted text and can be opened by virtually any text editor.
Which widely used file format preserves a document's exact formatting and layout across different devices and software?
Correct answer: D
PDF files preserve exact formatting and layout regardless of the device or software used to view them.
Which image file format uses lossy compression, commonly used for photographs, balancing quality and file size?
Correct answer: C
JPG/JPEG uses lossy compression, making it well-suited for photographs where some quality loss is acceptable for smaller file size.
Which image file format uses lossless compression and commonly supports transparency, often used for graphics and logos?
Correct answer: C
PNG uses lossless compression and supports transparency, making it popular for graphics, icons, and logos.
Which image file format stores graphics as mathematical vector paths rather than pixels, allowing scaling without quality loss?
Correct answer: D
SVG stores images as vector paths, allowing them to scale to any size without losing quality.
Which uncompressed image file format results in very large file sizes but preserves complete image data without any loss?
Correct answer: D
BMP (Bitmap) files store image data without compression, resulting in large but fully lossless files.